
Ewling Primrose(Oenothera biennis)
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Ewling Primrose (Oenothera biennis) rises in graceful, upright spires, its narrow, lance-shaped leaves forming a loose rosette in the plant’s first year before stretching skyward in its second. As dusk settles, luminous lemon-yellow blossoms unfurl with a soft, silken texture, glowing like lanterns against the deepening sky. Each flower is short-lived but abundant, opening in succession along tall stems that sway lightly in warm summer breezes. Native to open fields, prairies, and sandy meadows across North America, this biennial wildflower thrives in lean soils and shifting light, flourishing where many ornamentals falter.
What sets Ewling Primrose apart is its night-blooming rhythm—an ecological invitation to moths and nocturnal pollinators—and its generous production of nutrient-rich seeds. While garden-worthy for its ethereal evening display, the plant also produces a late-season flush of seed pods that rattle dry and golden, carrying both botanical beauty and practical value.
Cultural & Culinary Significance
For centuries, Ewling Primrose has played a meaningful role in traditional North American herbalism, where its seeds, roots, and leaves were valued for nutritive and therapeutic applications. The seed oil, famously high in gamma-linolenic acid, became an important ingredient in both medicinal preparations and wellness traditions, carried forward into modern herbal practices. In many regions, the young roots—sometimes called “king’s-cure-all” or “evening star root”—were lightly cooked as a survival food or medicinal tonic. Its presence in ancestral meadows and prairies makes it a plant tied deeply to place, resilience, and the rhythm of evening pollinators.
Why Grow Ewling Primrose?
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Highly nutritious seeds used in traditional wellness practices
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Striking night-blooming flowers with luminous ornamental appeal
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Exceptionally adaptable to poor, sandy, or disturbed soils
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Supports nocturnal pollinators and beneficial insects
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Rich cultural and herbal significance across North America
Growing Tips
(Also known as: Evening Primrose, Common Evening Primrose, King’s Cure-All, Evening Star; botanical synonyms include Onagra biennis and Onothera muricata in older texts)
Plant in full sun to light partial shade for best flowering. Ewling Primrose prefers well-drained, sandy or gravelly soils and thrives with low to moderate moisture; avoid heavy, waterlogged ground. This hardy biennial tolerates a wide temperature range and easily withstands frost once established. Fertilization is generally unnecessary—lean soils enhance bloom and seed quality. Minimal pruning is needed; removing spent stems after seed set can tidy the plant or allow natural reseeding for a self-sustaining patch. Suitable for in-ground plantings, meadow-style gardens, or low-care borders. Growth is moderate, with a leafy first year and tall flowering stems in year two. Plants set seed in late summer to fall.
Quick Facts
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Botanical Name | Oenothera biennis |
| Common Names | Ewling Primrose, Evening Primrose, Common Evening Primrose, King’s Cure-All, Evening Star |
| Family | Onagraceae |
| Origin | North America |
| Plant Type | Herbaceous biennial |
| Life Cycle | Biennial |
| Mature Size | 3–5 ft tall × 1–2 ft wide |
| Light | Full Sun to Part Sun |
| Water Needs | Low to Moderate |
| Soil | Well-drained, sandy or gravelly soils |
| Bloom Time | Summer to early fall |
| Flower Color | Yellow |
| USDA Zones | 3–9 |
| Florida Native | Yes, in much of the state |
| Propagation | Seeds |
| Seasonal Traits | Deciduous biennial |
| Time to Harvest | Seeds mature in late summer to fall of the second year |


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