Mango 'Nam Doc Mai' (Mangifera indica)

Quick Care Guide

Full Growing Guide

Tropical Delights with Year-Round Appeal

Mango trees are prized for their delicious fruit and attractive, evergreen foliage. Native to South Asia, these trees are now grown in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. With the right care, mango trees can be a fruitful addition to your garden or home orchard, producing bountiful harvests for years to come. This guide provides detailed instructions on how to grow and care for mango trees, ensuring they thrive in your environment.

Climate and Sunlight

Mango trees thrive in warm, tropical climates, needing full sun to produce the best fruit. They require at least 8-10 hours of direct sunlight each day. While they can tolerate some shade, reduced sunlight may lead to lower fruit yields. Mango trees prefer regions with hot, dry summers and mild winters. In cooler climates, they can be grown in large containers and brought indoors during the winter months, provided they receive enough light.

Soil Requirements

Mango trees prefer well-draining, sandy loam soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-7.5). They are relatively adaptable to different soil types, but poor drainage can lead to root rot. If your soil is heavy or clay-based, consider amending it with sand or organic matter to improve drainage. Raised beds or mounds can also be beneficial in areas with heavy rainfall. Mango trees are somewhat drought-tolerant once established but will produce better fruit with consistent moisture.

Watering Needs

Young mango trees require regular watering to establish a strong root system. Water deeply and infrequently, allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Once established, mango trees are more drought-tolerant and can withstand periods of dryness. However, during the flowering and fruiting season, consistent watering is essential to support fruit development. Mulching around the base of the tree can help retain moisture and reduce weed competition.

Fertilization

Mango trees benefit from regular fertilization, particularly during the growing season. Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or a formula specifically designed for fruit trees. Apply fertilizer in early spring, mid-summer, and again in the fall. For young trees, you can also use a high-phosphorus fertilizer to encourage root development. Organic options such as compost, bone meal, and fish emulsion can provide additional nutrients and improve soil health.

Pruning and Maintenance

Pruning mango trees is important to maintain their size, shape, and productivity. Prune in late winter or early spring before the new growth begins. Remove any dead, diseased, or crossing branches to promote good air circulation and sunlight penetration. For container-grown trees, pruning helps control size and encourages bushier growth. Regularly remove any suckers (shoots from the base of the tree) to direct energy towards fruit production.

Pests and Diseases

Mango trees can be affected by pests such as scale insects, aphids, and mealybugs, as well as diseases like anthracnose and powdery mildew. Regular inspection of the tree for signs of pests or disease is crucial. Organic treatments such as neem oil or insecticidal soap can help manage pest infestations. For fungal diseases, ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Copper-based fungicides may be necessary in severe cases of fungal infections.

Harvesting

Mangoes are typically ready for harvest 3-6 months after flowering, depending on the variety and climate. The fruit is usually harvested when it reaches full size and begins to change color but is still firm. Harvesting too early can result in less flavorful fruit, while harvesting too late can lead to overripeness and fruit drop. Use a sharp knife or pruning shears to cut the fruit from the tree, leaving a small portion of the stem attached to prevent sap from leaking out.

Propagation

Mango trees can be propagated from seeds, although grafting is the preferred method for ensuring true-to-type fruit production. Seed-grown trees may take 6-10 years to bear fruit, while grafted trees typically produce fruit within 3-6 years (from grafting time). Grafting also allows for the combination of desirable rootstocks with specific mango varieties, improving disease resistance and adaptability to local growing conditions.

Final Tips

Mango trees are long-lived and can produce fruit for decades with proper care. Patience is key, especially in the early years, but once your mango tree is established, it will reward you with delicious fruit and lush, tropical beauty. For the best results, pair this general guide with specific care instructions for your chosen mango variety from Sow Exotic.

Shop all of our unique Mango tree varieties.

Quick Care Guide

Full Growing Guide

Climate and Soil Requirements

• Climate: The Nam Doc Mai Mango thrives in warm, tropical to subtropical climates and is best suited for USDA hardiness zones 9-11. The tree prefers temperatures between 75-95°F and is sensitive to frost. In cooler climates, it can be grown in containers and brought indoors during the winter.
• Soil: Prefers well-draining, sandy loam soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.5). Enriching the soil with organic matter, such as compost, will support healthy growth, but excellent drainage is crucial to prevent root rot.

Planting

1. Location: Choose a sunny location that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. The Nam Doc Mai Mango performs best in full sun, which is essential for vigorous growth and abundant fruit production.
2. Soil Preparation: Prepare the soil by tilling and adding compost or organic matter to enhance fertility and drainage.
3. Planting Time: Plant in the spring after the last frost, when the soil has warmed up. If planting in containers, ensure the pot is large enough to accommodate the tree’s growth and has adequate drainage.
4. Spacing: Space trees 10-12 feet apart to allow adequate room for growth and air circulation.

Watering

• Consistent Moisture: Water regularly to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. The Nam Doc Mai Mango requires moderate watering, especially during dry spells, but should not be overwatered.
• Mulching: Apply a thick layer of mulch around the base to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

Sunlight

• Full Sun: Ensure the tree receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth and fruit production.

Fertilizing

• Growing Season: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring to promote healthy growth and abundant fruiting. Supplement with a high-potassium fertilizer during the growing season to support fruit development.
• Frequency: Fertilize every 6-8 weeks during the growing season for optimal growth.

Pruning and Maintenance

• Routine Pruning: Prune the tree in late winter or early spring to remove dead or damaged branches and to shape the tree. Regular pruning helps to maintain a manageable size and promotes better air circulation and light penetration.
• Maintenance: The Nam Doc Mai Mango is relatively low-maintenance once established. Keep the area around the tree clear of weeds and debris to prevent pests and diseases.

Pest and Disease Management

• Common Pests: Monitor for pests such as aphids, scale, and fruit flies. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control infestations.
• Diseases: The Nam Doc Mai Mango is relatively disease-resistant but watch for signs of anthracnose and powdery mildew. Ensure proper spacing, good air circulation, and avoid overhead watering to reduce disease risk.

Harvesting Fruit

• When to Harvest: The Nam Doc Mai Mango typically ripens in late spring to early summer. The fruit should be harvested when it reaches full color and yields slightly to gentle pressure. Mangos will continue to ripen off the tree.
• How to Harvest: Gently twist or cut the fruit from the tree, leaving a small portion of the stem attached. Allow the fruit to ripen at room temperature if needed, and enjoy fresh, in desserts, or in smoothies.

Shop all of our unique Mango tree varieties.