Turmeric, White (Curcuma zedoaria)
White turmeric, popularly known as Zedoary or Kentjur, is a perennial herb and member of the ginger family Zingiberaceae. The plant is native to India and Indonesia but now naturalized in other places including the United States and the state of Florida.Turmeric spreads via it's underground rhizome.
White Turmeric is traditionally used to treat inflammation, pain, and a variety of skin ailments including wounds, as well as menstrual irregularities and ulcers. The main difference between yellow and white turmeric is the color and the ability to stain and it is slightly more bitter.
It goes dormant in the colder months and returns twice as large each spring. The root can be harvested throughout the summer and fall. Large smooth and ribbed leaves are both ornamental and edible. Flowers are in bloom throughout the summer. Surprisingly easy and effortless to grow, Turmeric is well-suited for container gardening. It is often grown as an annual in pots or in the ground.Plant Type:
Rhizomatous Perennial Herb
Harvest Season:
Turmeric: Late Summer - early Winter or after 8-10 months of planting.
Mature Size:
Turmeric: Up to about 3 ft. tall
Ginger: Up to 3 ft. tall
Lesser Galangal: Up to 6 ft. tall
Greater Galangal: Up to 10 ft. tall
Soil & Moisture:
Loose, nutrient-rich, well-draining soil. Water in the Spring and Summer. Do not water when dormant.
Light Requirements:
Full Sun, Part Shade, Shade
Self-Fertile:
Yes
Growth Rate:
Medium for Turmeric and Ginger: capable of harvest after 8-10 months.
Slow for Lesser Galangal: best after 2 years of growth.
Zone Hardiness:
Outdoors 8-11 (frost protection until established); Patio/Greenhouse 4+
Propagation:
Our Root Plants are grown from division and tissue culture and are capable of harvest within growing season.
Quick Care Guide
| Plant Type: | Perennial Herb |
| Harvest Season: | Late Fall to Early Winter (for rhizomes) |
| Mature Size: | 3-4 feet tall, 2-3 feet wide |
| Soil & Moisture: | Well-draining, fertile soil; moderate to heavy watering |
| Light Requirements: | Full Sun to Partial Shade |
| Growth Rate: | Fast |
| Self-fertile: | Yes |
| Zone Hardiness: | Outdoors 8-11; Patio/Greenhouse 4+; Grown in containers indoors in cooler zones |
| Propagation: | Grown from rhizomes; rhizomes are typically ready for harvest 8-10 months after planting. |
Growing Guide for Orange Turmeric
Climate and Soil Requirements
- Climate: Orange Turmeric thrives in warm, tropical to subtropical climates and is best suited for USDA hardiness zones 8-11. It requires consistent warmth and moisture and does not tolerate frost. In cooler regions, it can be grown in containers and moved indoors during the winter.
- Soil: The plant prefers well-draining, fertile soil rich in organic matter. Slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 5.5-7.0) is ideal for healthy rhizome development. Adding compost or organic matter improves soil structure and fertility.
Planting
- Location: Choose a location that receives full sun to partial shade. Turmeric prefers bright light but can tolerate some afternoon shade, especially in hot climates.
- Soil Preparation: Loosen the soil and mix in organic compost or well-rotted manure to improve drainage and fertility.
- Planting Time: Plant in spring when the soil has warmed up and the risk of frost has passed.
- Spacing: Space plants 12-18 inches apart to allow for their clumping growth habit.
Watering
- Moderate to Heavy Moisture: Water regularly to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Turmeric requires steady moisture during its growing season, particularly as the rhizomes develop.
Sunlight and Fertilizing
- Full Sun to Partial Shade: Provide the plant with at least 6 hours of sunlight daily. In very hot climates, partial shade in the afternoon may prevent leaf burn.
- Fertilizing: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer every 6-8 weeks during the growing season. Organic compost or liquid fertilizer can also be added to promote healthy growth and rhizome development.
Pruning and Maintenance
- Low Maintenance: Turmeric is a relatively low-maintenance plant. Remove any dead or damaged leaves as needed. The plant will naturally die back in the fall, signaling that the rhizomes are ready for harvest.
- Container Growing: Turmeric can be grown in large containers if space is limited. Use a well-draining potting mix and ensure the container has proper drainage. Move the plant indoors during cold weather in cooler climates.
Pest and Disease Management
- Common Pests: Turmeric is generally pest-resistant but may attract aphids or spider mites in hot, dry conditions. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to manage infestations.
- Diseases: The plant is susceptible to root rot if overwatered. Ensure good drainage and avoid waterlogging the soil to prevent fungal issues.
Harvesting Orange Turmeric
When to Harvest:
- Turmeric rhizomes are typically ready to harvest 8-10 months after planting, usually in late fall to early winter. The plant will die back naturally, signaling that the rhizomes are mature and ready for harvest. Carefully dig up the rhizomes, clean them, and allow them to dry before using.
How to Use:
- Fresh turmeric rhizomes can be grated or sliced for use in cooking or juicing. The rhizomes can also be boiled, dried, and ground into powder for use in curries, teas, and supplements. Turmeric is commonly used for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and can be added to soups, smoothies, and golden milk.
