Growing Guide: Key Lime

Plant Type	Evergreen Fruit Tree
Harvest Season	Late Summer to Early Fall (can produce fruit year-round in warm climates)
Mature Size	6-10 feet feet tall, 4-6 feet wide
Soil & Moisture	Well-draining, sandy loam soil; moderate moisture with good drainage
Light Requirements	Full Sun
Growth Rate	Fast
Self-fertile	Yes
Zone Hardiness	Outdoors 9-11 depending on variety; Patio/Greenhouse 4+
Propagation	Grafted and capable of producing fruit this growing season or in up to 2-3 years.

Climate: Key Limes thrive in warm, humid climates and are best suited for USDA hardiness zones 9-11. They prefer temperatures between 70-90°F and are sensitive to frost, making them ideal for subtropical and tropical regions. In cooler climates, Key Limes can be grown in containers and brought indoors during the winter.
Soil: Key Limes prefer well-draining, sandy loam soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0). The tree benefits from soil enriched with organic matter, such as compost, but excellent drainage is crucial to prevent root rot.

Location: Choose a sunny location that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Key Lime trees perform best in full sun, which is essential for vigorous growth and abundant fruit production.
Soil Preparation: Prepare the soil by tilling and adding compost or organic matter to enhance fertility and drainage.
Planting Time: Plant in the spring after the last frost, when the soil has warmed up. In warmer regions, summer planting can also be suitable, especially in Florida, where the summer rains help establish the tree.
Spacing: Space trees 4-6 feet apart if planting in the ground, or use a large container with adequate drainage if growing in pots.

Consistent Moisture: Water regularly to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Key Limes require moderate watering, especially during dry spells, but should not be overwatered.
Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the base to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

Full Sun: Ensure the tree receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth and fruit production.
Fertilizing: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring to promote healthy growth. Supplement with a citrus-specific fertilizer during the growing season to support fruit development. Fertilize every 6-8 weeks during the growing season for best results.

Routine Pruning: Prune the tree in late winter or early spring to remove dead or damaged branches and to shape the tree. Regular pruning helps to maintain a manageable size and promotes better air circulation and light penetration.
Maintenance: Key Lime trees are relatively low-maintenance once established. Keep the area around the tree clear of weeds and debris to prevent pests and diseases.

Common Pests: Watch for pests such as aphids, scale, and citrus leafminers. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control infestations as needed.
Diseases: Key Lime trees are relatively disease-resistant, but proper care will help prevent common issues such as root rot and fungal leaf spots. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to minimize disease risk.

When to Harvest:

Key Limes typically ripen in late summer to early fall, but in warm climates, they can produce fruit year-round. The fruit is ready to harvest when it turns from green to yellow and is slightly soft to the touch. For a sharper flavor, you can also harvest them when they are still green.

How to Use:

Key Limes are prized for their juice, which is essential in making Key Lime pie, marinades, dressings, and cocktails like margaritas. The zest can also be used to add a burst of citrus flavor to a variety of dishes.